981 research outputs found
Waveguide QED: Many-Body Bound State Effects on Coherent and Fock State Scattering from a Two-Level System
Strong coupling between a two-level system (TLS) and bosonic modes produces
dramatic quantum optics effects. We consider a one-dimensional continuum of
bosons coupled to a single localized TLS, a system which may be realized in a
variety of plasmonic, photonic, or electronic contexts. We present the exact
many-body scattering eigenstate obtained by imposing open boundary conditions.
Multi-photon bound states appear in the scattering of two or more photons due
to the coupling between the photons and the TLS. Such bound states are shown to
have a large effect on scattering of both Fock and coherent state wavepackets,
especially in the intermediate coupling strength regime. We compare the
statistics of the transmitted light with a coherent state having the same mean
photon number: as the interaction strength increases, the one-photon
probability is suppressed rapidly, and the two- and three-photon probabilities
are greatly enhanced due to the many-body bound states. This results in
non-Poissonian light.Comment: 10 page
Strongly correlated photons generated by coupling a three- or four-level system to a waveguide
We study the generation of strongly correlated photons by coupling an atom to
photonic quantum fields in a one-dimensional waveguide. Specifically, we
consider a three-level or four-level system for the atom. Photon-photon bound
states emerge as a manifestation of the strong photon-photon correlation
mediated by the atom. Effective repulsive or attractive interaction between
photons can be produced, causing either suppressed multiphoton transmission
(photon blockade) or enhanced multiphoton transmission (photon-induced
tunneling). As a result, nonclassical light sources can be generated on demand
by sending coherent states into the proposed system. We calculate the
second-order correlation function of the transmitted field and observe bunching
and antibunching caused by the bound states. Furthermore, we demonstrate that
the proposed system can produce photon pairs with a high degree of spectral
entanglement, which have a large capacity for carrying information and are
important for large-alphabet quantum communication.Comment: 13+ pages, 7 figure
Polyurea-Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
An in situ polycondensation approach was applied to functionalize multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), resulting in various linear or hyperbranched polycondensed polymers [e.g., polyureas, polyurethanes, and poly(urea-urethane)-bonded carbon nanotubes]. The quantity of the grafted polymer can be easily controlled by the feed ratio of monomers. As a typical example, the polyurea-functionalized MWNTs were measured and characterized in detail. The oxidized MWNTs (MWNT-COOH) were converted into acyl chloride-functionalized MWNTs (MWNT-COCl) by reaction with neat thionyl chloride (SOCl2). MWNT-COCl was reacted with excess 1,6-diaminohexane, affording amino-functionalized MWNTs (MWNT-NH2). In the presence of MWNT-NH2, the polyurea was covalently coated onto the surfaces of the nanotube by in situ polycondensation of diisocyanate [e.g., 4,4‘-methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)] and 1,6-diaminohexane, followed by the removal of free polymer via repeated filtering and solvent washing. The coated polyurea content can be controlled to some extent by adjusting the feed ratio of the isocyanato and amino groups. The structure and morphology of the resulting nanocomposites were characterized by FTIR, NMR, Raman, confocal Raman, TEM, EDS, and SEM measurements. The polyurea-coated MWNTs showed interesting self-assembled flat- or flowerlike morphologies in the solid state. The signals corresponding to that of the D and G bands of the carbon nanotubes were strongly attenuated after polyurea was chemically tethered to the MWNT surfaces. Comparative experiments showed that the grafted polymer species and structures have a strong effect on the Raman signals of polymer-functionalized MWNTs
Enterprise System Engagement in Chinese SMEs:Issues of Policy Implementation
The main literature on Enterprise Systems (ES) focuses on large Western firms and has resulted in theoretical models to explain adoption, largely from the perspective of the adopting company. In contrast ES research, and in particular SMEs in China, are limited. This research examines ES engagement in Chinese SMEs from the joint perspectives of both the SME and the ES technology provider in the context of government policies. The research is based on four cases in Shenzhen, PRC and an extended analysis of relevant government policies at central and local levels. Using King et al.’s (1994) institutional analysis it argues for the need of theory to specifically recognize institutional policies. It recognizes also, however, that the problems of policy implementation are significant and suggestions for practice are offered
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